Dog Training In Altamonte Springs, FL

Get a Free Evaluation

As Seen Training On

CNN USA Today NHL Animal Planet Outdoor Channel ESPN NBC Sports Sports Illustrated The Weather Channel MSN Mashable Barstool Sports Fox News Discovery Channel MLB Washington Post The Today Show People ABC Sporting News Sporting News
    

Altamonte Springs Dog Trainer

Sit Means Sit is about more than just dog obedience training, we’re about fostering deep, life-long connections.

Training classes should be available to everyone, and we’ve done our best to hold to that belief by creating many programs for many walks of life. Every dog of every age, breed, and temperament is welcome to come to us to become what every owner hopes for. We know that your pup has what it takes to become trustworthy in all situations, from sitting quietly beneath your table at your favorite cafe to hiking long trails off-leash.

We offer Board and Train programs, Day and Train programs, private classes, group classes, and more so that you can pick the option that fits best into your life! One of the easiest way to find out exactly what would work best for you is to schedule a FREE consultation with one of our professional trainers. At this meeting, you can ask all your questions, get a feel for the environment, and have all your concerns addressed.

Another way to learn more is to keep reading!

Get Started

About Sit Means Sit Dog Training

Dog Training Classes

Any Dog Any Age Any Problem

Board and Train

Board and Train is highly appealing to many of our customers because it covers all the bases. You can leave your dog with us for pristine care and individualized attention from our expert trainers. The approach here is absolutely the most efficient and convenient option.

Even if you’re not heading off on vacation and find yourself in need of a boarding service, you’re welcome to drop your dog off for as many as 20 days to receive training from an expert dog trainer who will love and care for your pet every day. You will no doubt be shocked by the transformation that has taken place by the time you pick up your dog.

When you are ready to bring your furry friend back to your home, be aware that there has to be a transfer of leadership. Your dog will have spent quite some time learning from people besides yourself, which is why we will equip you will all the right training tools and information to become your dog’s new leader.

Any time you leave your dog someplace overnight, it only makes sense that you would want to be aware of what their environment will be like. One of the best ways to become familiar with our facilities and staff is to take advantage of the free consultation that we offer. Contact Us Today to enjoy absolute peace of mind.

Contact Us

Day and Train

Many dog owners want to be more involved in their dog’s training than dropping them off for an extended stay. If you’re one of those people, but you don’t have the time or flexibility for private lessons, consider our Day and Train program. It is a combination of boarding and private lessons that blends seamlessly into a busy lifestyle and work schedule.

Once a week for three weeks, you will drop your dog off on the way to work. For 6-8 hours, your dog will experience curated training methods and attentive care. At the end of your work day, you will come by to pick up your dog and partake in a 1-hour session with the dog’s professional trainer. The meeting covers everything you need to know in order to maintain your dog’s training throughout the week and forever more.

This program allows us to take the heaviest portion of the burden without removing you from the equation. You still get to be involved and spend your evenings comfortably at home with your best friend.

Contact Us

Private Lessons

Private lessons are for those owners who want to be front and center with their dog’s training. It’s a lot of hard work, but it fosters relationships that are incredibly deep and full.

These private dog training sessions come in sets of four and they’re customizable in terms of time and place. If your dog struggles with a particular area, you might choose to hold a lesson there so that your trainer can fully grasp the situation. If you’re more in favor of staying home, that works just as well. Curate your lessons to fit the needs of you and your dog.

Contact Us

Group Classes

Group classes aren’t just fun, they’re preparation for the real world. These classes are jammed full of exciting distractions, which you might see as a drawback, but we see as a positive factor. By training your dog in this environment, we are establishing behaviors that are virtually unshakable.

These classes take place at dog parks as well as at the Sit Means Sit training facility, and they come with every Membership.

Contact Us

Puppy Training Class

Adding a puppy into your life is a big decision. It’s a wonderful one, but it comes with a lot of responsibility. The best way to make sure you have a relationship with your pup that lasts a lifetime is to build a strong foundation.

Puppy training classes occur every Saturday at our facility for those pups who are 10-20 weeks old. They will learn essential skills like potty training, socialization, mark training, lure training, and overall confidence. You, the owner, will learn everything you need to know to continue your dog’s training as they get older.

Contact us today to reserve your spot!

Contact Us

Dog Trainers & Staff

Professional trainers. Attentive friendly staff.

Matt SmithOwner & Head Trainer

Meet Matt, the proud owner of this Sit Means Sit franchise, established in 2011.

Matt began training dogs in 2009. He started alongside his mother-in-law, Jori Pollard, who owns multiple Sit Means Sit locations. From there, he built his own path and opened this franchise in 2011. Since then, he has helped grow it into a strong and respected training facility.

People often ask Matt how he got into dog training. He likes to joke, “I couldn’t pass a math class in college.” However, his passion for working with dogs and helping people quickly became clear. What started as an opportunity turned into a lifelong career.

From the beginning, Matt’s goal has been simple. He wants to create a place where people can learn how to do more with their pets. He believes training should build freedom, confidence, and real-life results. Above all, he values time. One of his favorite quotes is, “Time is the most precious commodity that is out there. It’s the one thing that you can’t buy or ever buy back.”

In addition, Matt works hard to develop his team. He pushes them to grow as trainers and as people. He believes strong leadership creates strong results. Because of this, he invests in their skills, character, and confidence.

Matt remains deeply passionate about helping others. He supports both clients and team members with the same level of care and commitment. Through steady leadership and clear vision, he continues building a company that changes lives one dog and one family at a time.

woman sitting with a dog wearing a red shirt on grass
Jamie SmithOwner

Meet Jamie, Owner and Chief Operating Officer of Sit Means Sit.

Jamie has helped build the company side by side with her husband, Matt, since 2011. From the beginning, she has played a key role in shaping the vision, culture, and growth of the business. Together, they have worked to create a team built on strong leadership, clear systems, and a shared mission.

In addition to running daily operations, Jamie focuses on supporting the team and helping each member grow. She loves watching staff develop their skills and step into new roles. Most importantly, she is proud to see the mission come to life — helping people have more fun with their pets.

Outside of the business, Jamie is a proud wife and mother. She and Matt share their pets and stay busy raising their three sons, Jaxson, Cole, and Levi. Family remains at the center of everything she does.

In addition to her role at Sit Means Sit, Jamie also works as a Registered Nurse in the Emergency Department. Through nursing, she serves people in critical moments. Through Sit Means Sit, she helps families create calmer and more joyful homes. Because of this, she truly feels she has the best of both worlds — helping both people and pets.

Overall, Jamie brings leadership, heart, and steady direction to the company. She remains committed to building a strong team and making a lasting impact on every family who walks through the doors.

Emma MaxwellHead Trainer

Meet Emma, one of our head trainers and a leader at our Longwood location.

Emma joined the Sit Means Sit family in 2018. Since then, she has helped many dogs and families grow in confidence and control. In addition, she oversees the Longwood location most days. She guides both clients and trainers. As a result, training stays consistent and focused. You might even see her in the front office from time to time, stepping in wherever she is needed.

Beyond leading the location, Emma teaches everyone around her. She teaches our trainers. She teaches our clients. She teaches the dogs. At the same time, she sets clear standards and leads by example. Because of this, the whole team stays aligned and moving forward together.

Above all, Emma believes clear communication builds strong obedience. For that reason, she values structure and follow-through. She focuses on skills that work in real life, not just in training sessions.

At home, Emma has three dogs — Charlie, Jinx, and Juice. Charlie, her German Shepherd, is a retired demo dog and now enjoys relaxing at home. Meanwhile, Jinx and Juice, both Belgian Malinois, stay active in training and sport.

Outside of work, Emma competes in canine sports like barn hunt, PSA, and dock diving. Through sport work, she sharpens timing, control, and teamwork. In turn, those skills strengthen her work as a trainer.

Overall, Emma brings leadership, experience, and passion to everything she does. Because of her steady guidance, dogs, owners, and trainers continue to succeed.

woman sitting with two labrador dogs in grass besides a tree and plants in background
Jillian ParentiHead Lesson Trainer

Meet Jillian, one of our head trainers and a strong leader on our team.

Jillian joined the Sit Means Sit family in 2020. Since then, she has helped many dogs and families build better communication and stronger relationships. She serves as one of our lead trainers and oversees our Ocoee location most days. Because of her steady leadership, the team stays focused, organized, and consistent.

Jillian takes pride in setting clear standards for both dogs and owners. She believes strong leadership creates confident dogs. For that reason, she focuses on structure, follow-through, and real-life obedience. She helps families understand how to lead at home. She teaches them how to stay consistent. As a result, clients feel more in control and more connected to their dogs.

She is known around the facility as our resident “Golden Girl.” Jillian owns two Golden Retrievers, Olaf and Harley. They love coming to work with her each day. They often help demonstrate proper behavior and reliable obedience. Through them, clients can see what training looks like when leadership and fun work together.

In addition to working directly with clients, Jillian supports and guides other trainers. She leads by example. She steps in when needed. She helps maintain a strong and positive training environment at our Ocoee location. Because of her experience, both clients and team members trust her guidance.

Outside of work, Jillian enjoys relaxing movie days and visiting theme parks. However, her favorite moments are spent adventuring with Olaf and Harley. Whether at the park, on a walk, or exploring somewhere new, she continues strengthening the bond she values so much.

Overall, Jillian brings leadership, experience, and heart to everything she does. She remains committed to helping dogs grow, owners gain confidence, and families build lasting success together.

Jennifer CummingsTraining Consultant

Meet Jennifer,  a dedicated and versatile member of our team.

Jen joined the Sit Means Sit family in early 2019. Before that, she was a client for nearly two years. Because of this, she understands the process from both sides. She knows how families feel when they begin training. She also knows what success looks like in the end.

Over time, Jen has taken on many roles at the facility. She helps clients choose the right path. She explains our training system in simple terms. She also works directly with dogs to build skills and confidence. She truly does it all.

Jen loves helping families enjoy life more with their pets. First, she listens to their goals. Then, she helps them take the right next step. Along the way, she offers steady support. As a result, clients feel confident and motivated.

Outside of work, Jen shares her creative side. She designs shirts, decals, and other fun items for the team and our clients. Her work adds personality and energy to the facility.

At home, Jen has three dogs — Tilly, Charlie, and Abi. They love coming to work with her each day. Because of them, she understands the daily effort it takes to build well-trained, happy dogs.

Overall, Jen brings experience, creativity, and heart to our team. She stays committed to helping both dogs and families grow together.

Taylor LundLead Trainer

Meet Taylor, one of the experienced and dedicated trainers leading our team.

Since joining Sit Means Sit in 2020, Taylor has helped many dogs and families work through serious behavior challenges. Over the years, she has worked with all types of temperaments, including high-energy dogs, strong-willed personalities, and more complex cases. Because of this experience, she brings structure, clear direction, and consistency into every session. Most importantly, she focuses on obedience that works in real life — not just in training.

In particular, Taylor enjoys working on behavior modification and more difficult cases. First, she builds a strong obedience foundation. Then, she sets clear rules and follows through. From there, she creates simple, practical steps that improve control, focus, and reliability. At the same time, she teaches owners how to lead with confidence and communicate clearly at home.

Because of her calm but firm style, dogs learn boundaries while still feeling secure. As a result, families gain the tools they need to keep progress going long after training ends.

Outside of work, Taylor continues her passion for training with her two dogs, Mia and Na’Vi. In addition to regular obedience practice, she competes in several dog sports. Through this hands-on experience, she continues to strengthen timing, teamwork, and advanced obedience skills.

In the end, no matter the challenge, Taylor steps in ready to lead. She stays committed to helping every dog improve while giving owners the confidence to maintain success for years to come.

Bodie AbbottCommunication Specialist

Meet Bodie, a friendly and dependable member of our front office team.

Bodie joined the Sit Means Sit family in 2022 with his Australian Shepherd, Koa. Since then, he has helped create a smooth and welcoming experience for both new and current clients. From the very beginning, he has enjoyed meeting families and learning about their goals. Most importantly, he wants every person who walks through our doors to feel comfortable and cared for.

In addition, Bodie helps guide clients through each step of their training journey. First, he listens to their concerns. Then, he explains programs in clear and simple terms. He also answers questions and helps schedule appointments. Because of this, clients know what to expect and feel confident moving forward.

At the same time, Bodie understands that starting training can feel overwhelming. For that reason, he focuses on keeping the process easy and stress-free. He listens closely. He offers support. As a result, families feel heard and understood.

Even though he does not train dogs on the floor, he still plays an important role in each client’s experience. He loves seeing dogs grow and improve. He enjoys watching families build stronger bonds with their pets. Above all, he believes training brings peace and confidence into the home.

Outside of work, Bodie spends time with Koa and continues building their bond through everyday training and fun outings. In addition, when he is not at the facility, he takes care of his houseplant collection, searches for great coffee spots, and spends quality time with his family.

Overall, Bodie brings kindness, organization, and genuine care to our team. Because of his steady support, every client receives a positive experience from start to finish.

Deanna AthertonPrivate Lesson Trainer and Evaluator

Meet Deanna, one of the dedicated and driven trainers on our team.

Deanna joined the Sit Means Sit family in 2022 and has been committed to helping dogs and families succeed ever since. She has always had a passion for helping dogs become the best versions of themselves. More importantly, she enjoys playing an active role in strengthening the bond between dogs and their families.

Over the years, Deanna has developed a strong interest in working with reactive and aggressive dogs. She understands that these cases require patience, structure, and clear leadership. With this in mind, she takes a hands-on approach to behavior change. She works through triggers, builds control, and strengthens reliability in everyday situations. Meanwhile, she guides owners step by step so they can maintain results long term.

Deanna brings consistency and accountability into every session. She sets clear expectations and follows through. As a result, dogs gain stability while owners gain confidence. Her goal is always long-term success, not short-term change.

Outside of the facility, Deanna continues her passion for training with her two dogs, Amber and Cowboy. They often come to work with her and stay active throughout the day. When she’s not at work, she loads them up for beach trips or days out on the boat. These adventures allow her to continue building strong relationships with her dogs while practicing real-world obedience.

No matter the challenge, Deanna steps in ready to help dogs learn, grow, and succeed. She remains committed to guiding both dogs and owners toward lasting progress and stronger partnerships.

Sara BubolzPrivate Lesson Trainer

Meet Sara, a dedicated trainer who enjoys helping families and their dogs grow together.

Sara joined Sit Means Sit in 2023. Since then, she has worked closely with clients and their dogs to build better communication and stronger relationships. She enjoys guiding families through the training process and helping them see steady progress.

Sara understands that every family is different. Because she is a mom herself, she brings a special perspective when working with households that include children. She helps parents create clear structure while keeping training simple and practical for the whole family.

During lessons, Sara focuses on clear communication and steady follow-through. She works step by step with both dogs and owners. As a result, clients feel confident practicing skills at home and in everyday situations.

Outside of work, Sara enjoys spending time with her dog, Dixie. Together, they love training and going on family walks. These moments help strengthen their bond while keeping skills sharp.

Before becoming a dog trainer, Sara worked with marine mammals. That experience gave her a strong foundation in timing, behavior, and communication. Today, she brings those same skills and attention to detail into every session she teaches.

Overall, Sara brings patience, experience, and care to every dog and family she works with. She remains committed to helping both dogs and owners succeed together.

Alany CardonaLead Trainer

Meet Alany, one of the dedicated trainers working hard behind the scenes at our facility!

Since joining our team in 2024, Alany has played an essential role in training all of our boarding dogs. Through structure, enrichment, and consistency, she ensures every dog continues progressing while staying with us. Whether reinforcing obedience, improving manners, or maintaining training routines, she helps dogs return home better than when they arrived.

In addition to her boarding work, Alany is also actively involved in leading our daycare play groups. She helps create safe, structured social environments where dogs can build confidence, practice appropriate interactions, and burn energy in a positive way. Her ability to read body language and manage group dynamics makes her a strong leader on the daycare floor.

Furthermore, Alany has developed a special interest in working with aggressive dogs. She’s passionate about helping them build better behaviors, clearer communication, and more reliable obedience through patient, structured training. She finds fulfillment in turning high-stress behaviors into calm, manageable outcomes for both dogs and their owners.

And when it comes to favorite breeds, Dachshunds top her list. In fact, she has to stop and pet every single one she sees!

Relena HarripersadPrivate Lesson Trainer

Meet Relena, one of our dedicated private lesson trainers.

Relena joined our team in 2024. Since then, she has helped many dogs and families build clear communication and steady progress. She works closely with clients in private lessons while also training dogs on the floor. Because of this, she understands both sides of the training process.

Relena brings a warm and kind approach to every session. At the same time, she keeps her training clean and precise. She sets clear expectations. She follows through with consistency. As a result, dogs respond well, and owners feel confident practicing at home.

In addition, Relena takes time to explain each step. She makes sure clients understand not just what to do, but why it works. This helps families stay consistent long after lessons end.

Outside of work, Relena stays active with her two dogs, Patch and Golda. Together, they compete in barn hunt and Fast CAT. They also enjoy hiking the trails of Florida. Through sport and adventure, she continues strengthening her skills and her bond with her dogs.

Overall, Relena brings patience, clarity, and steady leadership to every dog she works with. She remains committed to helping both dogs and owners grow together.

Kaylee Denny GonzalesPrivate Lesson Trainer

Meet Kaylee, one of the passionate, high-energy trainers leading the pack at our Longwood facility.

Since joining our team in 2024, Kaylee has developed a strong focus on working with anxious and reactive dogs. She understands that fear, stress, and overreaction often come from confusion or insecurity. Because of this, she works hard to create clear structure and consistent guidance for every dog she trains.

Kaylee loves helping overwhelmed dogs turn fear into confidence. She builds a strong obedience foundation first and then helps dogs learn how to respond calmly in real-world situations. At the same time, she teaches owners how to communicate clearly and lead with confidence. Her goal is always lasting progress — not temporary fixes.

With her energetic personality and positive attitude, Kaylee brings motivation and encouragement into every session. However, she also holds dogs accountable and ensures expectations remain consistent. This balanced approach helps dogs feel secure while still making steady progress.

Outside of the facility, Kaylee continues her passion for training with her dog, Luxe. Together, they compete in dog sports, hike local trails, and enjoy beach days around Florida. Through training and adventure, they continue building their bond and sharpening their skills.

No matter the challenge, Kaylee brings enthusiasm, structure, and dedication to every dog she works with. She remains committed to helping both dogs and owners feel confident, capable, and successful.

Abigail CooleyLead Trainer

Meet Abigail, one of our thoughtful lead trainers who helps dogs feel confident and successful during their stay with us.

Abigail joined the Sit Means Sit team in 2024. Since then, she has helped maintain a high level of care for dogs boarding with us. She works with dogs who stay during the day and overnight. She provides clear structure and consistent training. As a result, dogs stay focused and continue making progress while they are with us.

In addition, Abigail runs many of our structured play groups. She keeps the groups safe and balanced. Dogs practice proper social behavior while still having fun.

Abigail also works especially well with anxious dogs. She stays calm and patient. She works step by step to build confidence. Over time, many dogs learn to relax and respond more clearly.

Outside of work, Abigail spends time with her two dogs, Clark and Raja. Together, they enjoy training, hiking, and camping. These activities strengthen their bond and keep their skills sharp.

Overall, Abigail brings patience, focus, and care to every dog she works with. She remains committed to helping dogs feel confident, balanced, and successful.

Skyelar WiedrichTrainer

Meet Skyelar, an enthusiastic member of our training team who is eager to learn and grow.

Skyelar joined the Sit Means Sit team in 2025. From the start, she brought excitement and a strong work ethic to the team. Each day, she looks for new ways to improve her skills. At the same time, she works hard to support both the dogs and her teammates.

In addition, Skyelar enjoys learning new training techniques. She keeps an open mind and welcomes new ideas. Because of this, she continues to grow quickly as a trainer. She believes there is always something new to learn.

Skyelar also enjoys working with more challenging dogs. Rather than stepping away from difficult cases, she leans in. She stays patient and focused. Step by step, she helps dogs understand what is expected. As a result, many dogs begin to build confidence and improve their behavior.

For Skyelar, one of the most rewarding parts of training is seeing progress happen. First comes understanding. Then comes consistency. Finally, both the dog and the owner begin to see real success.

Outside of the facility, Skyelar enjoys spending time with music. She also loves writing. These creative hobbies help her relax and recharge after a busy week.

Overall, Skyelar brings positive energy, curiosity, and determination to the team. She continues to grow her skills while helping every dog move toward success.

Caitlin McDonoughTrainer

Meet Caity, an enthusiastic member of our training team who brings both experience and passion to her work.

Caity joined the Sit Means Sit team in 2025. However, her journey with us started much earlier. In 2020, she first came to us as a client with her family dogs. Through that experience, she discovered her passion for training. Over time, that passion brought her back to join the team.

Each day, Caity looks for ways to improve her skills. She stays curious and open to learning. Because of this, she continues to grow quickly as a trainer. At the same time, she works hard to support both the dogs and her teammates.

Outside of work, Caity enjoys training with her dog, Titan. Together, they practice new skills and continue building their bond. Through that hands-on experience, she sharpens her timing and understanding of training.

Most importantly, Caity loves helping dogs and owners succeed together. Step by step, she works to build confidence, clear communication, and stronger relationships.

Overall, Caity brings enthusiasm, dedication, and a strong desire to grow to every dog she works with. She remains committed to helping more dogs and their owners have fun together through training.

Savannah RodriguezTrainer

Meet Savannah, a focused and thoughtful member of our training team.

Savannah joined Sit Means Sit in 2025. Since then, she has brought steady energy and a strong desire to grow. Each day, she looks for ways to improve her skills. She believes learning never stops.

Savannah helps to train dogs that are here for boarding. There, she works hands-on to build structure and clear behavior. She sets expectations early. She follows through with consistency. As a result, dogs gain better habits and stronger obedience.

In addition, Savannah has a passion for problem-solving. She enjoys working through behavior challenges step by step. Rather than rushing the process, she takes time to think things through. She stays patient. She stays focused. Because of this, dogs respond well to her calm and steady approach.

Outside of work, Savannah continues training with her personal dog, Archer. Together, they practice skills and build their bond. Through daily training, she sharpens her timing and leadership. At the same time, she stays open to new ideas and new methods. She keeps an open mind and is always willing to try new things.

Overall, Savannah brings care, focus, and dedication to every dog she works with. She remains committed to growing as a trainer while helping dogs build lasting success.

Logan DavisTrainer

Meet Logan, one of the enthusiastic and motivated trainers on our team.

Logan joined Sit Means Sit in late 2025 and quickly brought energy to the training floor. From day one, he showed a strong desire to learn. He looks for ways to grow every day. He wants to improve his skills and better serve the dogs he trains.

Logan believes great trainers never stop learning. Because of that, he studies training methods and asks questions. He also looks for hands-on experience whenever he can. At the same time, he values clear rules and steady follow-through. As a result, dogs understand what is expected of them. They build confidence through consistent guidance.

In addition, Logan enjoys working with many types of dogs. He takes pride in helping each one improve. Whether he is reinforcing basic obedience or building stronger control, he brings focus and positive energy to every session.

Outside of work, Logan trains and bonds with his dog, Ellie. They spend time practicing skills and strengthening their relationship. This hands-on work helps him improve his timing and patience.

Overall, Logan brings excitement and dedication to every dog he trains. He stays committed to growing as a trainer and helping each dog succeed.

Service Areas

We proudly serve the following areas in the Tri-Counties.

Cities

Don't See Your Location?

Sit Means Sit has 157 locations across the US and Canada.

Find a Sit Means Sit Dog Trainer near you.

Find a Location

Dog Training Videos

Check out a few videos to see our dog trainers at work!

Orlando Europa 2017 and Sit Means Sit Dog Training

Mako: 5 Month old Doberman.

Sit Means Sit Dog Training at Fiesta in the Park 2013

Group Class

Dog Owners Reviews

We love customers and their dogs. They love us.

Sam B.

If you’re hesitant about this company, take the leap!!! I was so scared to leave my fur baby for training, but when I got him back, he was so well behaved and properly trained. They care about your pups and will send you pictures throughout the stay. My golden retriever was decently trained but wasn’t…

Leslie P.

I’ve had dogs pretty much all of my life. I grew up with them, loved them, cared for them but I didn’t really know how to train them until I joined Sit Means Sit. They helped me be a better leader for my Doberman Daisy. When she struggled they helped me realize she was leash-reactive…

Gretchen A.

Sit Means Sit is AMAZING! I first contacted them two years ago to help with my 5 year old dog, Loki. He had been exhibiting some very aggressive behavior due to some changes in our home. I opted to do the board and train and the results were fantastic. I got updates of his progress…

Gabrielle S.

I adopted a 3 1/2 year old Shepard mix from the pound 3 months ago. After a month of warming up to me, he was comfortable. He began showing his dominant personality and gave me huge challenges. Since joining Sit Mean Sit, I am able to take my dog on walks without dragging behind him…